Pakati pa anthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito-mavavu oyimitsira m'mimba mwake tsiku ndi tsiku, anthu nthawi zambiri amanena za vuto, kutanthauza kuti,{1}}ma valve oyimitsa m'mimba mwake nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kutseka akamagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma TV omwe ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga, monga nthunzi,{2}}madzi othamanga kwambiri, ndi zina zotero, pamene akugwira ntchito mopanikizika. Tsekani mwamphamvu, nthawi zonse zimapezeka kuti padzakhala kutayikira, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kutseka mwamphamvu. Chifukwa cha vutoli ndi kusowa kwa mapangidwe a valve ndi torque ya malire a anthu.
Kusanthula Zomwe Zimayambitsa Zovuta Potsegula ndi Kutseka Mavavu Akuluakulu A Caliber
Mphamvu yomaliza yopingasa ya munthu wamkulu ndi 60-90kg, kutengera matupi osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi zambiri, valavu yotseka- imapangidwa kuti ikhale yotsika komanso yotuluka. Munthu akatseka valavu, thupi la munthu limakankhira gudumu lamanja mozungulira kuti asunthire valavu pansi kuti atseke. Panthawiyi, kuphatikiza mphamvu zitatu ziyenera kugonjetsedwa, zomwe ndi:
(1) Axial kukankha Fa;
(2) Kukangana pakati pa kulongedza ndi tsinde la valve Fb;
(3) Mphamvu yolimbana ndi Fc yolumikizana pakati pa tsinde la valavu ndi pachimake cha valve
Torque yonse ndi ∑M=(Fa+Fb+Fc)R
Zitha kuwoneka kuti kukula kwake komwe kumatuluka, kumapangitsanso mphamvu ya axial thrust. Ili pafupi ndi malo otsekedwa, mphamvu ya axial thrust ili pafupi ndi kupanikizika kwenikweni kwa netiweki ya chitoliro (chifukwa P1-P2≈P1, P2=0 ikatsekedwa)
Mwachitsanzo, ngati valavu yoyimitsa ya DN200 ikugwiritsidwa ntchito papaipi ya nthunzi ya 10bar, chinthu choyamba chokha chimatseka axial thrust Fa=10×}×πr2=3140kg, ndipo mphamvu yozungulira yopingasa yofunika kutseka imakhala pafupi ndi kutulutsa kozungulira kopingasa kwa thupi la munthu wabwinobwino. Malire a mphamvu, kotero zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti munthu mmodzi atseke kwathunthu valve pansi pazifukwa zogwirira ntchito.
Zoonadi, mafakitale ena amanena kuti valavu yamtunduwu imayikidwa kumbuyo, zomwe zimathetsa vuto la kutseka, koma palinso vuto la kutsekula mutatha kutsekedwa.
Kusanthula Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kutayikira Kwamkati Kwa Mavavu Akuluakulu A Diameter Globe
Akuluakulu-ma valve oyimitsira m'mimba mwake nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maboiler, ma main sub-silinda, ma mains a nthunzi, ndi zina zotero. Malowa ali ndi mavuto awa:
(1) Nthawi zambiri, kusiyana kwapanikiza komwe kumatuluka mu boiler kumakhala kokulirapo, motero kuthamanga kwa nthunzi kumakhalanso kokulirapo, komanso kuwonongeka kwa kukokoloka kwa malo osindikizira ndikokulirapo. Kuonjezera apo, kuyaka kwamoto kwa boiler sikungakhale 100%, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti nthunzi yotuluka mu boiler ikhale ndi madzi ambiri, zomwe zingayambitse cavitation ndi cavitation kuwonongeka kwa valve yosindikiza pamwamba.
(2) Pakutseka-vavu pafupi ndi potulukira kobowolera ndi -silinda, chifukwa nthunzi yomwe ikutuluka mu boileryo imakhala ndi kutenthedwa kwapang'onopang'ono, mkati mwa machulukitsidwe, ngati kuthirako kufewetsa madzi sikwabwino kwambiri, mbali ina yake imakhala yamvula. Acid ndi zinthu zamchere zidzachititsa dzimbiri ndi kukokoloka pamalo osindikizira; zinthu zina zonyezimira zimatha kumamatira pamwamba pa valavu yosindikizira ndikuwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu isatseke mwamphamvu.
(3) Sub{1}}mavavu olowera ndi ma silinda. Kuchuluka kwa nthunzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pa valavu nthawi zina imakhala yaikulu kapena yaying'ono chifukwa cha zofunikira zopangira ndi zifukwa zina. Pamene otaya mlingo amasintha kwambiri, n'zosavuta kuyambitsa kung'anima, cavitation, etc. Chifukwa kukokoloka, cavitation ndi zotsatira zowononga pa valavu kusindikiza pamwamba.
4 Komabe, pochita izi, kutsegula kwa valve nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwombankhanga chikhale chachikulu kwambiri kuposa momwe amagwiritsira ntchito nthawi zonse, komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri moyo wautumiki wa malo osindikizira a valve.
Njira Zothetsera Vuto Lotsegula ndi Kutseka kwa Mavavu Aakulu Akuluakulu a Globe
(1) Choyamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha vuvulo-lotsekera valavu kuti mupewe kulimba kwa valavu ya plunger ndi valavu yopakira ndikupangitsa kusinthako kukhala kosavuta.
(2) Pachimake valavu ndi mpando ayenera kupangidwa ndi zipangizo zabwino kukokoloka kukana ndi kuvala katundu, monga Stellite simenti carbide;
(3) Ndibwino kuti mutenge kachipangizo kaŵirikaŵiri ka valavu, chomwe sichidzayambitsa kukokoloka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kutsegula pang'ono, zomwe zidzakhudza moyo wautumiki ndi kusindikiza.
