Photoelectric encoder ndi sensa yomwe imasintha kusamuka kwa ma geometric pamakina otulutsa kukhala ma pulses kapena kuchuluka kwa digito kudzera pakusintha kwazithunzi, ndipo ndiye sensor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chojambulira chazithunzithunzi chamagetsi chimapangidwa makamaka ndi gitala ya grating ndi chipangizo chowonera magetsi. Mu servo system, popeza encoder photoelectric ndi coaxial ndi mota, injini ikazungulira, grating disk imazungulira pa liwiro lofanana ndi mota. Chida chodziwira chomwe chimakhala ndi kuwala-kutulutsa ma diode ndi zida zina zamagetsi zimazindikira ndikutulutsa ma siginecha angapo. Kuthamanga kwagalimoto komweko kumatha kuwonekera powerengera kuchuluka kwa ma encoder a photoelectric pasekondi imodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti mudziwe komwe akuzungulira, chosindikizacho chingathenso kupereka-channel optical code output yokhala ndi gawo la digrii 90 , ndi kudziwa kuzungulira kwa mota molingana ndi kusintha kwa khodi yapawiri{8}}channel Optical code. Malinga ndi mfundo yodziwikiratu, ma encoder amatha kugawidwa kukhala optical, maginito, inductive ndi capacitive. Malinga ndi kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe otulutsa ma siginecha, imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: yowonjezereka, yotsimikizika komanso yosakanikirana.
Encoder yowonjezera
Ma encoder owonjezera amagwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji mfundo yosinthira zithunzi zamagetsi kuti atulutse magawo atatu a magawo a square wave A, B ndi Z gawo; A ndi B ma seti awiri a pulses ali ndi kusiyana kwa gawo la 90 digiri, kotero kuti mayendedwe a kasinthasintha akhoza kuweruzidwa mosavuta, ndipo gawo la Z ndilosiyana pakusintha Kugunda kumodzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika malo. Ubwino wake ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, avereji ya moyo wamakina wopitilira maola masauzande ambiri, kutha kusokoneza-kutha kusokoneza, kudalirika kwambiri, komanso koyenera kuyenda{3}}kutali. Choyipa ndichakuti chidziwitso chonse cha malo ozungulira shaft sichingatulutsidwe.
Encoder mtheradi
The encoder mtheradi ndi sensa yomwe imatulutsa mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa digito. Pali mayendedwe angapo a codec code motsatira njira ya radial pa disc yake yozungulira. Kanjira kalikonse kamakhala ndi magawo opepuka-ndi opaque. Mafani a ma code oyandikana nawo Chiwerengero cha zigawo ndi ubale wapawiri. Chiwerengero cha ma code pa gudumu la code ndi chiwerengero cha manambala a binary. Kumbali imodzi ya code gudumu ndi gwero kuwala, ndi mbali ina ili ndi photosensitive chinthu lolingana aliyense code njira; pamene gudumu la code lili m'malo osiyanasiyana Pamene, chinthu chilichonse chazithunzithunzi chimasintha chizindikiro cholingana ndi momwe chimalandira kuwala kapena ayi, ndikupanga nambala ya binary. Makhalidwe a encoder yamtunduwu ndikuti safuna chowerengera, ndipo nambala yokhazikika ya digito yogwirizana ndi malowa imatha kuwerengedwa pamalo aliwonse a shaft. Mwachiwonekere, njira zambiri zama code, ndizokwera kwambiri. Kwa encoder yokhala ndi -bit binary resolution, code disk iyenera kukhala ndi matchanelo a N. Pali kale zinthu za 21-bit absolute encoder ku China.
Chosindikizira chamtheradi chimagwiritsa ntchito njira ya binary kapena cyclic binary (Grey code) posinthira zithunzi. Kusiyana pakati pa encoder mtheradi ndi encoder yowonjezereka ndi mzere wowonekera komanso wosawoneka pa disc. Chosindikizira chamtheradi chikhoza kukhala ndi ma code angapo, ndipo malo enieni amatha kudziwika molingana ndi code yomwe ili pa disk code. Mapangidwe a ma codec amatha kutengera ma code binary, cyclic code, awiri owonjezera, ndi zina. Mawonekedwe ake apadera ndi awa:
Mtengo wathunthu wa mgwirizano wa ngodya ukhoza kuwerengedwa mwachindunji; palibe cholakwika chosonkhanitsidwa; chidziwitso cha udindo sichidzatayika mphamvu ikatha. Komabe, chigamulocho chimatsimikiziridwa ndi chiwerengero cha bits mu dongosolo la binary, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kulondola kumadalira chiwerengero cha bits.
Hybrid mtheradi encoder
Hybrid absolute encoder, imatulutsa zidziwitso ziwiri: chidziwitso chimodzi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira malo a maginito, ndi chidziwitso chokwanira; seti inayo ndi yofanana ndendende ndi chidziwitso chotuluka cha encoder yowonjezereka.
